travel service: October 2011

Monday, October 31, 2011

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Human Population Reaches 7 BillionHow Did This Happen and Can It Go On?

Features | Energy & Sustainability

A mere 12 years after surmounting six billion, the world's population will reach seven billion, according to the U.N. But that rate seems to be slowing

By David Biello ?| October 28, 2011?|

indian-crowd SEVEN BILLION: There are now seven billion people on the planet--and growing. Image: ? iStockphoto.com / selimaksan

Supplemental Material

MP3 file Audio How Many People Can Earth Hold? Well...

On October 31, 2011, a particularly special person will be born?the seven billionth human alive, according to United Nations demographers. He or she could be delivered by a starving mother in the growing wastelands of Somalia, a failed-state gripped by famine and war. The best odds are that the child will be born in India, which has the highest rate of births per minute in the world. She may even be an American girl, heiress to a complex legacy that is in no small part responsible for the fact that, for better or worse, people are shaping the destiny of the planet that engendered humanity.

Regardless, the seven billionth person raises the question: How much is too much? "Can Earth support seven billion or nine billion or 10 billion people in a good life for a long time?" asked demographer Joel Cohen of Columbia University's Earth Institute at its human population event on October 17. "The addition of four billion people in five decades has no precedent. That is an exceptional event and will probably never be repeated within human history."

There were only one billion people on the planet as recently as the turn of the 19th century and only a few hundred thousand just 10,000 years ago. In fact, there may have been as few as 15,000 of us, roughly 70,000 years ago.

With both more people and longer lifetimes, humanity's absolute numbers continue to rise, even though the number of children per women has halved since 1950. In fact, the absolute growth rate in human population peaked at 2.1 percent between 1965 and 1970, according to Cohen. "We're now down to 1.1 percent per year," he said, although that still means roughly 150 babies born every minute.

Consumers
The world's richest 500 million people produce half the world's carbon dioxide emissions?the primary greenhouse gas responsible for climate change?whereas the poorest three billion emit just seven percent. The average American?one of 312.5 million?uses up some 88 kilograms of stuff daily: food, water, plastics, metals and other material goods. Americans consume a full 25 percent of the world's energy despite representing just 5 percent of global population, and the band of industrialized nations combine to waste 222 million metric tons of food per year, according to the U.N. Food and Agriculture Organization.

"Population doubled while the economy grew by 15 times, cars by 16 times and fertilizer-use by sixfold," said geographer Ruth DeFries of Columbia at the same event. "There is no end in sight for that increase in consumption," particularly as it is emulated by people around the globe.

All this consumption requires a host of natural resources, from vast copper mines scarring the landscape to ever more land for food. More acreage was converted to growing crops between 1950 and 1980, than from 1700 to 1850, and arable land is one of nine "planetary boundaries" that scientists have identified?limits past which humanity should fear to tread. The others include: climate change, biodiversity loss, nutrient cycles, ocean acidification and freshwater use, among others. "Slowing population growth does not solve all the problems but it makes it easier by slowing demands," Cohen said.

Source: http://rss.sciam.com/click.phdo?i=e8617776289b20bdbf848073ab84e19c

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Sunday, October 30, 2011

Video: Auto Sales: The Next Bubble?

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Source: http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/21134540/vp/45080470#45080470

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Wednesday, October 19, 2011

Sound research at acoustical society meeting

Public release date: 18-Oct-2011
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Contact: Charles E. Blue
cblue@aip.org
301-209-3091
American Institute of Physics

Acoustical archeology, human speech, sounds best to be avoided and more

The latest news and discoveries from the science of sound will be featured at the 162nd meeting of the Acoustical Society of America (ASA) held October 31 November 4, 2011, at the Town and Country Hotel in San Diego, Calif. Experts in acoustics will present research spanning a diverse array of disciplines, including medicine, music, speech communication, noise, and marine ecology.

Journalists are invited to attend the meeting free of charge. Registration information is at the end of this release. Lay-language versions of more than 50 presentations will be available at the ASA's Worldwide Press Room (www.acoustics.org) approximately one week before the meeting.

Webcast: News Briefing Meeting Highlights: Journalists working remotely are invited to participate in a webcast on Monday, October 31, at 11 a.m. EDT (8 a.m. PDT). Scientists will present brief summaries of their research and answer questions. An agenda and list of presenters will be released shortly. Reporters on site are invited to participate in person. Register for the webcast here: http://www.aipwebcasting.com.

The following summaries highlight a few of the meeting's many noteworthy talks.

Highlights: Monday, October 31

Acoustical archeology reveals sounds of Renaissance Venice: The Renaissance period of Venice, Italy, is famed for its vast architectural and musical masterpieces. It was during this time that music became more complex and choirs were separated to produce the first "stereo" effect in Western history. To better understand both the music and the role of architecture in the acoustics of this period, a research team used a combination of historical evidence and scientific modeling to listen to music as it would have sounded in the churches of Venice 400 years ago. The research was conducted by Braxton Boren, a Ph.D. student in music technology at New York University, and Malcolm Longair, a physics professor at the University of Cambridge. "We built a filter for the churches' acoustics as they would have existed in the 16th century," explains Boren. "Then we can record a choir singing in an anechoic chamber, with no sound reflections, and put it through the filter to hear the choir as it would have sounded during the Renaissance." The presentation 1aAA6, "Acoustic simulation of Renaissance Venetian churches," is in the morning session of Monday, Oct. 31.

Abstract: http://asa.aip.org/web2/asa/abstracts/search.oct11/asa6.html

Unexploded ordnance detected via low-frequency acoustics: Many bodies of water around the globe contain discarded and unexploded munitions, a.k.a. "underwater ordnance" or "UXOs." These UXOs, most commonly associated with former military training sites or the result of post-war disposal, pose public safety hazards as well as chemical contamination risks. Cleanup requires being able to locate and differentiate engineered objects from natural ones. Aubrey Espaa, a research associate in the Acoustics Department of the University of Washington's Applied Physics Laboratory, and colleagues are working on a way to do just that, thanks to low-frequency acoustics. Sound is a particularly useful tool for classifying objects either on or embedded in the ocean floor. "Low-frequency sound has the advantage of being able to excite specific vibrations of an object of interest, which in turn results in re-radiation of sound back to the observer," explains Espaa. "This scattered sound is used to generate an acoustic template or fingerprint of the object, which can aid in distinguishing between man-made and natural objects." According to Espaa, the research not only aims to generate acoustic fingerprints for various objects, but also to understand the physics behind what we see in the acoustic fingerprint such as how sound couples to the object/UXO, the subsequent vibration that ensues, and how the sound radiates from the object back to the viewer. The presentation 1aUW2, "Acoustic scattering from unexploded ordnance in contact with a sand sediment: Mode identification using finite element models," is in the morning session on Monday, Oct. 31.

Abstract: http://asa.aip.org/web2/asa/abstracts/search.oct11/asa57.html

Student test scores suffer from even subtle background noise: Teachers do all they can to provide a productive learning experience for their students, but some factors are beyond their control and may actually be dragging down standardized test scores. According to research on third- and fifth-grade classrooms, fifth-grade students were found to have lower reading test scores in classrooms with higher background noise. A similar negative trend was observed between the fifth-grade language achievement test scores and background noise levels. The noise the researchers measured and compared to test scores was not the expected cacophony of nearby traffic or occasional outbursts from unruly students. Instead the noise came from the steady droning and humming of the air conditioning and heating systems. "Our research shows that many students are forced to learn and teachers are required to work in conditions that simply do not aid in the learning experience," said Lauren M. Ronsse, now with the U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center in Champaign, Ill. She and her doctoral advisor Lily M. Wang of the University of Nebraska at Lincoln measured the background noise in 67 unoccupied third- and fifth-grade classrooms in a Nebraska public school district. After the measurements were completed, the researchers compared the background noise levels of the classrooms to the standardized student achievement scores. They observed statistically significant correlations among the fifth-grade students, though the negative effect was not observed among the third-grade students. The presentation 1aAA9, "Impacts of classroom acoustics on elementary student achievement," will be presented in the morning session on Monday, Oct. 31.

Abstract: http://asa.aip.org/web2/asa/abstracts/search.oct11/asa9.html

Highlights: Tuesday, November 1

Chimpanzee studies suggest speech perception ability not a uniquely human trait: Experience is a powerful teaching tool: practice remodels neural connections and leads to mastery. Now scientists suggest that it is early experience with language and not special innate cognitive ability that allows humans to process and perceive speech while their closest evolutionary relatives, chimpanzees, do not. Traditionally, the human brain has been thought to be uniquely adapted to perceive and process speech patterns, a trait widely regarded as an evolutionary phenomenon separating humans from other primates. However, a 25-year-old language-trained chimp named Panzee has recently demonstrated the ability to interpret highly distorted speech sounds in a similar manner to humans. These data provide evidence that the capacity for speech perception may have existed in a common ancestor. "I think our results just reinforce the fact that experience matters. Humans maybe do not perceive speech because they are human, but instead because of the tremendous amount of experience they have with it from birth," explains Lisa Heimbauer, a Ph.D. candidate and researcher at Georgia State University's Language Research Center. Heimbauer and her colleagues, Drs. Michael Owren and Michael Beran, also of Georgia State University, hope to better understand the mechanisms used by young children to process and produce speech. The presentation 2aAB9, "A chimpanzee responds best to sine-wave speech with formant tones 1 and 2 present," will be in the morning session on Tuesday, Nov. 1.

Abstract: http://asa.aip.org/web2/asa/abstracts/search.oct11/asa179.html

Teaching automatic speech recognition engines what humans already know: Sorting sound into intelligible speech is a seemingly effortless feat. Healthy human ear-brain auditory systems perform it heroically, even in highly confusing soundscapes with a riotous mix of acoustic signals. And while scientists have successfully constructed automatic speech recognition engines to help perform routine speech transactions, they have problems and, too often, garble prevails. A team from the International Computer Science Institute at the University of California, Berkeley, and from the University of Oldenburg, Germany, is learning from errors in human speech recognition and applying that knowledge to design new signal processing strategies and models for automatic speech recognition. One key finding: automated recognition does not handle time cues in language as well as human recognition does. Improving computer models to optimize the way automated processes time variation in speech to align it with the human system could have beneficial applications in many human-machine interfaces. These range from improved hearing aids and smart homes to new assistive hearing apps on smart phones. Explains lead researcher, Bernd T. Meyer, Ph.D.: "Automatic speech recognition has its flaws. In comparison, human speech recognition works a lot better, so we thought, 'Why don't we try to learn from the auditory system and integrate those principles into automatic recognition?'" The presentation 2pSCa2, "Improving automatic speech recognition by learning from human errors," will be in the afternoon session on Tuesday, Nov. 1.

Abstract: http://asa.aip.org/web2/asa/abstracts/search.oct11/asa379.html

Highlights: Wednesday, November 2

Seeing speech: High-speed video imaging for improved voice health: When we talk, the delicate tissues of the voice box vibrate faster than the eye can see. Now researchers and physicians are finally able to visualize and investigate this physiological feat, thanks to the development of a high-speed imaging system by a research team at the Center for Laryngeal Surgery and Voice Rehabilitation at the Massachusetts General Hospital. The team's goal is to improve vocal health by understanding the movements of the vocal folds. Using the same high-speed video technology that enables nature photographers to visualize the rapid beating of hummingbird wings, the Boston team has begun to observe and document details of vocal vibrations and voice acoustics that have never before been appreciated during clinical evaluations. Explains research team member Dr. Daryush Mehta, "For the first time, voice scientists are able to investigate detailed relationships between vocal vibrations and sound qualities of the human voice. For example, we are just now discovering that certain asymmetric vibration patterns do not necessarily degrade one's voice acoustics as once thought." This level of detail is possible due to recent technological advances in high-speed imaging of the larynx. It enables researchers to capture and analyze more than 10,000 images per second of vocal fold oscillations that occur 100 to 1,000 times per second. This team's work grew out of an urgent need to assess the true vibratory characteristics of vocal fold bio-implants that are currently under development at the Massachusetts General Hospital Voice Center. The presentation 3aSCa1, "Use of laryngeal high-speed videoendoscopy systems to study voice production mechanisms in human subjects," is in the morning session on Wednesday, Nov. 2.

Abstract: http://asa.aip.org/web2/asa/abstracts/search.oct11/asa513.html

Human voice conveys stress level: Men and women respond differently to stress: By evaluating the acoustical properties of the human voice, a research team at the University of Florida, Gainesville, is expanding the scientific understanding of the physics of vocal stress insight that might one day be used to improve the detection of deception. The research team confirmed that the human voice changes in systematic and perceptible ways under carefully measured, significant stress levels. One early surprise finding is that men and women respond differently to the same stressors. "In male subjects, higher degrees of physiological arousal were underreported what you might call a 'tough guy' response," explains lead researcher, James Harnsberger, Ph.D., a speech scientist in the Department of Linguistics. A graduate student on the project, Christian Betzen, suggested analyzing separately the gender categories for the four stress metrics used in the study two physical and two self-reporting. "The results were a surprise. We had expected that higher stressors would prompt both increased physiological response and increased self-reported stress levels in all test subjects fairly uniformly for both men and women," Dr. Harnsberger explains. One early conclusion these data suggest is that acoustic analyses should include gender in the study design. Talk 3aSCb44, "Talker and gender effects in induced, simulated, and perceived stress in speech," is in the morning session on Wednesday, Nov. 2.

Abstract: http://asa.aip.org/web2/asa/abstracts/search.oct11/asa568.html

Highlights: Thursday, November 3

Ear anatomy may amplify irritating tones of chalkboard squeak: The sound of fingernails on a chalkboard sets many people's teeth on edge, and now a team of researchers from the University of Cologne in Germany and the University of Vienna in Austria think they know why. In a study designed to pinpoint the source of this and similarly irritating sounds, scientists found that the most obnoxious elements of the noises may be amplified by the shape of the human ear. In the study, scientists removed information from audio clips of people scraping their nails or bits of chalk against a chalkboard and played these modified clips to willing participants. The human ear is known to be particularly sensitive to pitches in the mid- to low-level range of frequencies, between 2000 Hertz and 4000 Hertz, which is the peak of human hearing. It turns out that when scientists removed all the pitch information in this range from the audio recordings, the study participants rated the noises as more pleasant than other versions of the sounds. So chalkboard squeak may be irksome because the most obnoxious elements of the sound sit right in the sweet spot of human hearing. Talk 4pPP6, "Psychoacoustics of chalkboard squeaking," is in the afternoon session on Thursday, Nov. 3.

Abstract: http://asa.aip.org/web2/asa/abstracts/search.oct11/asa888.html

Physicists shoot 'gunshot forensics' forward into science: The characteristic crack and bang of a gunshot blast may contain vital clues about a crime: who shot first, or even what type of firearm did the deed. But dozens of factors, from the angle and direction of the gun's muzzle to the quality of the microphone, can change the way a gunshot sounds in a recording, making it difficult even for expert analysts to tell exactly what went down at the scene of the crime. Now researchers from BAE Systems in Austin, Texas, and the FBI Forensic Audio and Video Analysis Unit have taken a major step toward improving scientists' understanding of how the sound of gunshots corresponds to the manner in which the bullets were fired. "The field of forensic gunshot analysis is relatively new," said Steven Beck, principal scientist for BAE Systems. "[Analysts] get these recordings" often from cell phones or other devices with limited recording capabilities "and they have to try to figure out what's going on. If you don't understand [the impact of] all these variations, you can make the wrong conclusions," Beck said. In a controlled laboratory environment, the researchers placed microphones at a range of angles and distances from each blast, to catch the sound pattern of a single round from multiple points of view. Talk 4aSCa3, "An introduction to forensic gunshot acoustics," is in the morning session on Thursday, Nov. 3.

Abstract: http://asa.aip.org/web2/asa/abstracts/search.oct11/asa760.html

Highlights: Friday, November 4

Vuvuzelas: Earplugs recommended: Vuvuzelas blasted into the publics' ears and awareness during the 2010 FIFA World Cup in South Africa. One immediate question asked was: Do vuvuzelas, those cheap horns commonly made of plastic and blown by enthusiastic fans during sporting events, pose serious risks to hearing? What the Southern Polytechnic State University (SPSU) and Georgia Institute of Technology (Georgia Tech) researchers found is that the sound levels from single horns ranged from 90 to 105 decibels at the players' ears. They also discovered that the horns' impact is greatest when blown simultaneously with many others, such as at the World Cup, where the levels within an audience may well approach 120 decibels. "For perspective, 100 decibels is the level of noise you'd hear at a rock concert. An ambulance siren or pneumatic jack hammer produce about the same level of noise as the vuvuzelas in a stadium, 120 decibels, which is at the threshold of feeling and produces a tickling sensation in your ears," explains Richard Ruhala, associate professor and program director of mechanical engineering at SPSU. "The threshold of pain is 140 decibels. Sustained exposure to 120 decibels is 1000 times the acoustic energy that causes hearing loss (with long-term exposure). That's why OSHA [Occupational Safety and Health Administration] requires people working near those noise levels to wear hearing protection." Presentation 5aNSb1, "Vuvuzelas and their impact," is in the morning session on Friday, Nov. 4.

Abstract: http://asa.aip.org/web2/asa/abstracts/search.oct11/asa977.html

High frequencies sounds cut off by cell phones might carry more information than previously thought: The human voice routinely produces sounds at frequencies above 5000 hertz, but it has long been assumed that this treble range, which includes high sounds such as cricket chirps, is superfluous to the understanding of human speech. Now researchers from the University of Arizona and the University of Utah are taking a second look this underappreciated range. Their research reveals that people can glean a large amount of information, including the identification of familiar songs or phrases, from just the higher frequencies. The work may prompt a re-evaluation of how much spectrum is in fact necessary to carry the full meaning of the spoken word. Although current cell phone technology only transmits frequencies between 300 and 3400 hertz, musicians have known for decades that an unbalanced or cut-off treble range can ruin the quality of vocals at concerts. The researchers recorded both male and female voices singing and speaking the words to the U.S. national anthem, and then removed all the frequencies below 5700 hertz. When volunteers listened to the high-frequency-only recordings, they were able to identify the sex of the voice, the familiar passages from the "Star-Spangled Banner," and whether the voice was singing or speaking the words. The presentation 5aSCb3, "Perceptually relevant information in energy above 5 kilohertz for speech and singing," will be presented in a morning session on Friday, Nov. 4.

Abstract: http://asa.aip.org/web2/asa/abstracts/search.oct11/asa999.html

MORE INFORMATION ABOUT THE 162nd ASA MEETING
Special "hands-on" Halloween education outreach session: Monday, Oct. 31:

Acoustics has a long and rich history of physical demonstrations of fundamental (and not so fundamental) acoustics principles and phenomena. In this session, the Acoustical Society will organize a set of "hands-on" demonstrations for a group of middle school students from the San Diego area. The goal is to foster curiosity and excitement in science and acoustics at this critical stage in the students' educational development and is part of the larger "Listen Up" education outreach effort by the ASA. Each station will be staffed by an experienced acoustician who will help the students understand the principle being illustrated in each demo. Demos will be run in parallel, so students can break into small groups to encourage questions and spend more time on demos that interest them. The session will have a Halloween theme with decorations and costumes!

The Town and Country Hotel is located at 500 Hotel Circle North, San Diego, California, 92108. Reservations: 1-800-772-8527; Main Number: 1-619-291-7131.

###

USEFUL LINKS:

Main meeting website:
http://acousticalsociety.org/

Searchable index:
http://asa.aip.org/asasearch.html

Hotel site:
http://www.towncountry.com/index.cfm

Webcast registration and viewing:
http://www.aipwebcasting.com

WORLD WIDE PRESS ROOM

In the week before the meeting, the ASA's World Wide Press Room (www.acoustics.org/press) will be updated with lay-language papers, which are 300-1200 word summaries of presentations written by scientists for a general audience and accompanied by photos, audio, and video.

PRESS REGISTRATION

The Acoustical Society will grant free registration to credentialed full-time journalists and professional freelance journalists working on assignment for major news outlets. If you are a reporter and would like to attend, contact Charles E. Blue (cblue@aip.org, 301-209-3091), who can also help with setting up interviews and obtaining images, sound clips, or background information.

ABOUT THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICAThe Acoustical Society of America (ASA) is the premier international scientific society in acoustics devoted to the science and technology of sound. Its 7,000 members worldwide represent a broad spectrum of the study of acoustics. ASA publications include The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America (the world's leading journal on acoustics), Acoustics Today magazine, books, and standards on acoustics. The society also holds two major scientific meetings each year. For more information about ASA, visit our website at http://www.acousticalsociety.org.

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AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.

Sound research at acoustical society meeting

Public release date: 18-Oct-2011
[ | E-mail |

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Contact: Charles E. Blue
cblue@aip.org
301-209-3091
American Institute of Physics

Acoustical archeology, human speech, sounds best to be avoided and more

The following summaries highlight a few of the meeting's many noteworthy talks.

Highlights: Monday, October 31

Abstract: http://asa.aip.org/web2/asa/abstracts/search.oct11/asa6.html

Abstract: http://asa.aip.org/web2/asa/abstracts/search.oct11/asa57.html

Abstract: http://asa.aip.org/web2/asa/abstracts/search.oct11/asa9.html

Highlights: Tuesday, November 1

Abstract: http://asa.aip.org/web2/asa/abstracts/search.oct11/asa179.html

Abstract: http://asa.aip.org/web2/asa/abstracts/search.oct11/asa379.html

Highlights: Wednesday, November 2

Abstract: http://asa.aip.org/web2/asa/abstracts/search.oct11/asa513.html

Abstract: http://asa.aip.org/web2/asa/abstracts/search.oct11/asa568.html

Highlights: Thursday, November 3

Abstract: http://asa.aip.org/web2/asa/abstracts/search.oct11/asa888.html

Abstract: http://asa.aip.org/web2/asa/abstracts/search.oct11/asa760.html

Highlights: Friday, November 4

Abstract: http://asa.aip.org/web2/asa/abstracts/search.oct11/asa977.html

Abstract: http://asa.aip.org/web2/asa/abstracts/search.oct11/asa999.html

MORE INFORMATION ABOUT THE 162nd ASA MEETING
Special "hands-on" Halloween education outreach session: Monday, Oct. 31:

The Town and Country Hotel is located at 500 Hotel Circle North, San Diego, California, 92108. Reservations: 1-800-772-8527; Main Number: 1-619-291-7131.

###

USEFUL LINKS:

Main meeting website:
http://acousticalsociety.org/

Searchable index:
http://asa.aip.org/asasearch.html

Hotel site:
http://www.towncountry.com/index.cfm

Webcast registration and viewing:
http://www.aipwebcasting.com

WORLD WIDE PRESS ROOM

PRESS REGISTRATION

[ | E-mail |

Share ]

AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.

Source: http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/aiop-sra101811.php

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Tuesday, October 18, 2011

Iran demands access to accused U.S. plotter (Reuters)

TEHRAN (Reuters) ? Iran demanded consular access on Sunday to a man held in the United States over a suspected plot to kill the Saudi ambassador and vowed to respond robustly to any "inappropriate measure" by the West.

Manssor Arbabsiar, who holds U.S. and Iranian citizenship, was arrested in September over the plot which Tehran called a fabricated "comedy show" but which U.S. lawmakers said was "very real" and showed the need for tougher sanctions on Iran.

"Any inappropriate measure against Iran, whether political or security-related, will be strongly confronted by the Iranian nation," Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei said, accusing Washington of inventing the plot to divert attention from the "Occupy Wall Street" protests.

U.S. authorities announced the plot last Tuesday, saying Arbabsiar, a naturalized U.S. citizen, had paid a U.S. undercover agent posing as a Mexican drug cartel hit man to assassinate Saudi Ambassador Adel al-Jubeir.

Many experts, and some Washington officials, expressed doubts over the plot, which even the head of the FBI said sounded like a Hollywood script, but the heads of the intelligence committees in the U.S. Congress appeared on television Sunday to say it should be taken seriously.

Senate Intelligence Committee Chairwoman Dianne Feinstein said she was initially skeptical when first briefed about the plot in September but now believed "it's very real."

"Our country should not be looking to go to war," Feinstein told the "Fox News Sunday" program. "We should be looking to stop bad behavior, short of war.

President Barack Obama said Thursday that Iran -- already at odds with Western governments over its nuclear program -- would face the toughest possible sanctions and the United States would not take any options off the table, the standard code to refer to possible military action.

Iran's Foreign Ministry summoned the Swiss charge d'affaires who represents U.S. interests in the country that broke ties with Washington shortly after the 1979 Islamic revolution.

"There is no doubt regarding the baselessness of the U.S. allegations," a ministry official told the Swiss representative, according to state broadcaster IRIB.

"However, providing personal information about the accused and consular access to him is among the duties of the U.S. government. Any delay in that respect would be in contravention of international law and the U.S. government's responsibilities," the unidentified official said.

Iran's diplomatic interests in the United States are handled by an office in the Pakistani embassy.

U.S. officials have mooted the possibility of upping sanctions on the Central Bank of Iran -- a move which could make it harder for Tehran to receive payment for its oil exports, a vital source of hard currency.

House of Representatives Intelligence Committee Chairman Mike Rogers said Washington should be pushing for tighter sanctions.

"Put pressure on the Chinese and the Russians and say, listen, you're either going to stand with the nation that is engaged in nation-state terrorism or you're going to stand with the rest of the international community," he told ABC's "This Week."

(Writing by Robin Pomeroy)

Source: http://us.rd.yahoo.com/dailynews/rss/iran/*http%3A//news.yahoo.com/s/nm/20111016/ts_nm/us_iran_us_plot

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Monday, October 17, 2011

Chattapets: Tips for dressing pets for Halloween | timesfreepress.com

It may be cute to see little trick-or-treaters on Halloween night, but to a pet, the parading youngsters in costume can be frightening. Pet owners who plan to dress their pooches in costume and take them out on Halloween night should take steps to ensure everyone's safety.

Karen Lillard Roach, executive director of DoGood for a Dog Friendly Chattanooga, said that though she does dress her dogs in costumes for Halloween events, she takes precautions to make sure they're comfortable and safe.

"We keep our dogs safe and away from the front door [on Halloween night]," Roach said. "Many dogs are lost on Halloween night as they slip out the door during parties and/or when the owners are holding the door open to give out candy. We keep our dogs in our bedroom with the TV or music going to keep them from getting excited when they hear people on the street or at the door. Also, Halloween candy is very dangerous for dogs, so it is a good idea to keep candy out of their reach."

American Pet Products Association provides owners the following tips to keep pets safe and happy this Halloween.

? Keep pets clear of all chocolates and candies. Treat them with natural and healthy bites made just for them.

? When taking pets trick-or-treating, keep them properly restrained at all times. Don't allow pets to walk up to front doors, and keep them at a safe distance from other kids and pets. Make sure pets have collars and identification tags on at all times.

? Keep pets easily visible and safe from passing cars and trick-or-treaters with proper reflectors or glow-in-the-dark accessories.

? Bring along plenty of waste pickup bags while hitting the streets.

? When dressing up your pet this Halloween, be sure the costume is not too tight or constricting. Make sure costumes don't have small and dangling pieces that can present choking hazards.

? Make sure pets don't have the ability to dart out when trick-or-treaters come to the door. Keep them calm and safe in a separate room with plenty of toys and treats of their own to keep them occupied and entertained.

about Karen Nazor Hill...

Feature writer Karen Nazor Hill covers fashion, design, home and gardening, pets, entertainment, human interest features and more. She also is an occasional news reporter and the Town Talk columnist. She previously worked for the Catholic newspaper Tennessee Register and was a reporter at the Chattanooga Free Press from 1985 to 1999, when the newspaper merged with the Chattanooga Times. She won a Society of Professional Journalists Golden Press third-place award in feature writing for ...

Source: http://www.timesfreepress.com/news/2011/oct/17/chattapets-tips-for-dressing-pets-for-Halloween/

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Sunday, October 16, 2011

Toshiba Satellite P755-S5269

The Toshiba Satellite P755-S5269 ($979.99 list at Office Depot) is a 15-inch desktop replacement laptop that offers quad-core processing and gaming level graphics processing. It may not be as slim and light as some competing desktop replacements, but if you want a laptop for gaming, video and photo editing, and unbeatable quad-core processing power, the Satellite P755-S5269 is a strong choice.

Design
The P755-S5269 has a dark gray finish (Toshiba calls this color "platinum") with an added texture to it that feels far more luxurious to the touch than plastic designs usually do. It measures 1.4-by-15-by-9.8 inches (HWD), but for its added thickness, it keeps things light with a plastic chassis. It weighs in at 5.8 pounds, which is lighter than the 6-pound Lenovo IdeaPad Y570 ($849.99 direct, 3.5 stars), but heavier than the 5.5-pound Dell XPS 15z (Microsoft) ($999 direct, 4 stars). Because of this plastic construction, the Toshiba Satellite does flex a good deal more than its more sturdy competitors.

The P755-S5269's 15.6-inch display has a 1366-by-768 resolution and is large enough to watch DVDs or multitask with two windows side by side. Just below the widescreen display you will find two Harman/Kardon speakers. Paired with Dolby Advanced Audio and Wave MaxxAudio 3 software sound enhancements, these speakers provide a rich sound quality that stays consistent at high and low volumes. The only issue I found while shuffling through my Pandora stations was the lack of bass.

There is a full-sized chiclet-style keyboard, and an adjacent numeric keypad. The glossy-finish on the keys may be a bit slick for some users, but the inclusion of an LED backlight means that you can use the laptop comfortably even in low-light situations. The multitouch trackpad offers gesture control and separate mouse buttons, and the touchpad itself has a smoother matte finish, but I caught myself wishing that it offered the same luxurious feel of the laptop's lid.

Features
The P755-S5269 offers a fairly rich feature set, with one USB 3.0 port and three USB 2.0 ports, as well as a case-lock slot to physically secure the laptop. Toshiba's Sleep-and-Charge utility lets you power up cell-phones and MP3 players through one of the USB 2.0 ports, even when the laptop is in sleep mode. Sleep-and-Music lets you play audio from your MP3 player through the laptop's speakers, even when the laptop is powered down.

The laptop's VGA and HDMI outputs let you connect to an external monitor, HDTV, or projector with a single cable. If you want to ditch the cables altogether, you can pick up a Netgear Push2TV adapter (a $99 purchase) and use the integrated WiDi 2.0 technology to stream your HD content wirelessly to any HDTV. You can also get online via an Ethernet wired connection or 802.11n Wi-Fi. A DVD optical drive provides read and burn capability for CDs and DVDs. The 750GB 5,400rpm drive is the same capacity and speed as the hard drive found in the HP Pavilion dv6-6170us ($1,049.99 list, 4 stars), and it's larger than the 640GB drive found in the Acer Aspire AS5750-9851 ($829.99 list, 3 stars).

On the hard drive, you'll find a few pre-installed programs like Microsoft Office Starter 2010, and a 30-day trial of Norton Internet Security, and dedicated website links on the desktop to services like Amazon and Skype. While not a particularly egregious load of software, you will also find a large selection of programs and utilities bearing the Toshiba brand name. These include Toshiba's proprietary App and eBook stores, and utilities like hard drive protection.

Toshiba covers the P755-S5269 with a one-year warranty on parts and labor, but also covers the battery with a one-year warranty. Buyers wanting more peace of mind may want to take advantage of Office Depot's several extended protection and service plans. Their basic two-year protection plan ($169.99) extends this warranty for another year, and includes 24/7 tech support. Adding premium coverage for drops and spills, and extending battery coverage for a second year costs $259.99, and a four-year plan, offering all of the same warranty and accident coverage, including 24/7 tech support, can be had for $349.99.

Performance
Toshiba has equipped the P755-S5269 with a 2GHz Intel Core i7-2630QM, a quad-core processor that easily trounces the dual-core processors found in the Editors' Choice Dell XPS 15z and Lenovo Y570. The Core i7-2630QM is the same processor found in the top rated HP dv6-6170us, Acer AS5750-9851, and Asus K53SV-B1 ($990 street, 3.5 stars). In terms of raw processing power the P755-S5269 is on par with these quad-core laptops, and easily surpasses the dual-core Dell XPS 15z and Lenovo Y570. The P755-S5269 completed Handbrake right alongside the HP dv6-6170us (1 minute 36 seconds), and completed Photoshop CS5 in 3:54, only two seconds behind the HP dv6-6170us (3:52). The Dell XPS 15z, on the other hand, was left behind by a significant 39 seconds (Handbrake 2:02, Photoshop CS5 4:33). The same results were seen in CineBench R11.5, where the Toshiba scored 4.79 points, a hair behind the HP dv6-6170us (4.98), but well ahead of the Dell XPS 15z (2.53).

You'll also find that the P755-S5269 offers the kind of graphics performance that will satisfy gamers, thanks to an Nvidia GeForce GT 540M discrete graphics card. With 3DMark 06 scores of 10,092 at medium resolution and detail settings and 7,223 at higher detail settings and native resolution, the GPU will support any graphics-intensive program, including some pretty serious games. It pumped out 59.2 frames per second (fps) in Crysis (DirectX 10) at medium resolution, and 39.9 fps in Lost Planet 2 (DirectX 9), performing slightly better than the Dell XPS 15z (52.3fps in Crysis; 36.4fps in Lost Planet 2) and matching the Asus K53SV-B1 (59.2fps in Crysis; 40.3 fps in Lost Planet 2). The GeForce GT 540M also has Optimus, Nvidia's automatic graphics switching technology, which alternates between the high-performance graphics card for gaming and other graphics-intensive tasks, and the integrated graphics chip for more efficient power use.

That sort of battery efficiency led to fairly good results in our battery life tests. In MobileMark 2007, the 6-cell 48Wh battery of the P755-S5269 lasted 5 hours 7 minutes. Given the hardware being used, this isn't a bad score?the Asus K53SV-B1 only lasted 4:15 with a similar 48Wh battery?but it's a little shorter than the HP dv6-6170us (6:16 with a 55Wh battery) and Dell XPS 15z (7:13 with a 64Wh battery).

The P755-S5269 comes in at the same price as the Editors' Choice Dell XPS 15z. And while it may not offer all the premium touches of the Dell, like an aluminum chassis and longer battery life, the Toshiba does offer slightly better graphics and superior processing with its quad-core processor. If power isn't a priority and you want the more polished option, definitely go with the Dell XPS 15z. If you want more horsepower for gaming, multimedia editing and productive tasks, then the Toshiba Satellite P755-S5269 is definitely the way to go.

BENCHMARK TEST RESULTS:

COMPARISON TABLE
Compare the Toshiba Satellite P755-S5269 with several other laptops side by side.

More laptop reviews:
??? Lenovo IdeaPad V570-1066AJU
??? Samsung Series 3 (NP305V5A)
??? Asus G74SX-BBK8
??? Toshiba Satellite P755-S5269
??? Gateway NV77H05u
?? more

Source: http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/ziffdavis/pcmag/~3/_GVcFtxgDR8/0,2817,2394582,00.asp

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Sunday, October 9, 2011

Auto Repair Appointments

Most people find themselves in need of an auto repair at one time or another. Whether you plan to take your vehicle into a dealership or a small shop in your local area, there are some procedures that customers will go through when the drop off their car. Here are a few tips to prepare you for the experience.

Scheduling and Appointment Times

One of the most confusing things about an auto repair can be the appointment time. Most customers believe that when you schedule a time you are bringing your vehicle to be looked at right then. In most case, your vehicle will go back to the shop but it won?t be worked on right away. It takes time for a technician to pick up the job, move the vehicle and then attempt to come up with a diagnosis.

Because of this it is important to either plan for someone to come and pick you up. Depending on what the solution to the problem is parts may need to be ordered and it could end up taking more than one day. If you plan for this there won?t be any surprised. If you do get your car back quickly, it will be a pleasant surprise.

Diagnosing

Finding the exact problem with your car can be tricky. When an auto repair begins the technician is looking for one part of the vehicle that isn?t working properly. The goal is to isolate the problem, fix it, and get the car back on the road. However many parts of the vehicle are intertwined. Sometimes a part can be replaced but the problem isn?t fixed.

This can be frustrating as a customer but it is important to keep in mind that a professional is doing his or her best to find a solution. It isn?t always easy, but their goal is to get your car back to you in better condition that when you dropped it off.

The Estimate

When dropping your vehicle off a service advisor or service representative will get the process started. He or she will begin by getting some information about you and the vehicle. Then they will ask about the auto repair. You may be able to give them some of the symptoms that you have been noticing. They will write these down and make sure that the technician that gets the ticket will know about your concerns. It gives them a place to start working.

At this time you may receive an estimate. If not, they may have a technician look at the vehicle first and then contact you with an estimate. This is the amount that they believe the repairs will cost. They calculate in the parts needed as well as the technician?s time. In some cases they will be right on the money. Other times the cost may go up. If it does, they will call you and get your authorization before proceeding.

Know the facts before you bring your vehicle in for Auto Repair Lake Worth. For a service center you can trust visit: www.aamcoautocare.com.

Auto Repair: Get Help During a Break-Down or an Accident
Car Repair Appointments: Why You Should Make One
Careers in Auto Repair
Auto Repair at Home: Essential Equipment
Auto Repair After Breakdown

Alfred Ardis worked his way through school doing odd jobs for his father?s plumbing business. Always a local business supporter, Al currently uses his communications degree to both inform consumers and promote small business. This entry was posted in Automotive and tagged auto repair Lake Worth. Bookmark the permalink.

Source: http://www.internettollfree.com/articles/auto-repair-appointments-11355

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Saturday, October 8, 2011

Taylor Kitsch Talks Prepping For 'John Carter'

'It's such a grand movie, and John is in every shot of this film,' actor says.
By Kevin Sullivan, with reporting by Josh Horowitz

Taylor Kitsch in "John Carter"
Photo: Disney

Not just anyone can be John Carter. Taylor Kitsch found that out the hard way while auditioning for the role, his first big movie as the lead. And even though he had been unfamiliar with the John Carter books before, the role was, according to Kitsch, something he was "willing to do anything for."

In the upcoming adaption of Edgar Rice Burroughs' beloved "A Princess of Mars," Kitsch plays a Civil War veteran who finds himself transported to another planet. The Martians task Carter with saving the planet and rescuing the captive princess, played by Lynn Collins. The production finally came together recently after lingering in development for years and losing Jon Favreau, who was once attached to direct.

The journey began by meeting with the director Andrew Stanton, best known for his work on Pixar films. "I knew of Stanton, of course, and I was a huge fan," Kitsch says. "He was a big fan of Riggins, my 'Friday Night Lights' character, so right away we kind of pushed each other because we were so excited about just meeting one another."

After their initial meeting, Stanton took Kitsch through some of the preproduction work that the director and his team had already finished. "It's literally floor-to-ceiling in prep and pictures, storyboards, arc of John Carter, arc of the Tharks, Dejah," Kitsch said. "It's not overwhelming, but it's like, OK, this guy's not screwing around."

That first meeting was just the beginning for Kitsch. The producers put him through "a lot," but he understood that it all needed to happen. "It's such a grand movie, and John is in every shot of this film, so of course it's a big gap. You go on film, and you read for him a couple times and then you get to the screen test and you're starting to battle through this," Kitsch said.

But Stanton was there for his eventual star every step of the way, especially during the two-day screen test. "This really says a lot about who he is. He takes you the day before and does a walkthrough," Kitsch said. "He just puts everything level when you get there on the day. That just helped me settle in a lot."

Check out everything we've got on "John Carter."

For breaking news, celebrity columns, humor and more — updated around the clock — visit MTVMoviesBlog.com.

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Source: http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1672088/john-carter-taylor-kitsch.jhtml

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Friday, October 7, 2011

Is chivalry the norm for insects?

ScienceDaily (Oct. 6, 2011) ? The long-standing consensus of why insects stick together after mating has been turned on its head by scientists from the University of Exeter. Published October 6 in Current Biology, their study shows that, contrary to previous thinking, females benefit from this arrangement just as much as males.

Instead of dominating their female partners through bullying and aggressive behaviour, males were revealed to be protective, even laying their lives on the line when their mates faced danger.

Previously, scientists assumed that male insects stay close to females after mating to stop them from taking other partners. Female insects have multiple mates and the last mate is most likely to fertilise her eggs. Therefore, by preventing females from taking other mates a male is most likely to father her offspring.

To gain insight into the lives of wild field crickets, the research team used digital video technology, tagging and DNA fingerprinting. They analysed over 200,000 hours of infra-red video footage, taken over two entire breeding seasons, to get a detailed picture of the daily dramas that occur in the insect world.

The researchers found no evidence of males being aggressive towards their mates or hindering a female's movements to or from their burrow. They also discovered that a male will risk his own life to protect a female by allowing her to scamper into their burrow before him when escaping from predators such as birds.

Dr Rolando Rodr?guez-Mu?ozof the University of Exeter said: "Relationships between crickets are rather different from what we'd all assumed. Rather than being bullied by their mates, it seems that females are in fact being protected. We could even describe males as 'chivalrous'.

"Males and females on their own have similar predation rates, but when they are in pairs, males are killed much more frequently and females always survive to predator attacks.

"It's not completely altruistic though -- males are still benefiting. Even if a male is killed, the surviving female is carrying his sperm and ensuring that his DNA lives on."

The team used 96 cameras and microphones to monitor a population of Gryllus campestris crickets in Northern Spain over three entire springs. Super-glued to the back of every cricket was a tiny numbered placard, just big enough for the camera to read. Additionally, a tiny piece of leg tissue less than one millimeter across was used to create a DNA fingerprint of each individual. The visible tags allowed the researchers to analyse their lives and behaviour, including mating partners, how long particular males and females spent together, the time that each male spent singing to attract females and the fights that occur when a male approaches a burrow occupied by another male.

Professor Tom Tregenza of the University of Exeter said: "Males were protective of their partners, but very aggressive with potential competitors. Males cohabiting with a female won more fights against approaching rival males than when they were on their own.

"The footage we filmed and spent months analysing has given us a rare glimpse into how natural selection really happens in the wild. Although our study focused on one population, it is likely that our findings are applicable to other species across the insect world and could even have relevance for other animals. Perhaps females aren't getting pushed around quite as much as we thought they were."

This study was funded by the Natural Environment Research Council and the Leverhulme Trust.

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Story Source:

The above story is reprinted (with editorial adaptations by ScienceDaily staff) from materials provided by University of Exeter, via EurekAlert!, a service of AAAS.

Journal Reference:

Rolando Rodr?guez-Mu?oz, Amanda Bretman, Tom Tregenza. Guarding Males Protect Females from Predation in a Wild Insect. Current Biology, 06 October 2011 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2011.08.053

Note: If no author is given, the source is cited instead.

Disclaimer: Views expressed in this article do not necessarily reflect those of ScienceDaily or its staff.

Source: http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2011/10/111006125406.htm

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